Yes I have seen this error too, last I researched, this was for a client and the list had auto-generated gmail email aliases - once the client removed those aliases the problem was resolved.
aliases were similar to john.smith@gmail.com, joh.nsmith@gmail.com, jo.h.n.smit.h@gmail.com and so on plus these were bad aliases so a hard bounce.
This may or may not be the case for your client.